Diabetes Treatment Metformin
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Metformin
Active Ingredients:
- Metformin Hydrochloride
Other names used:
- Glucophage®
The commercial name of the medication may differ from the brand one. Generic Metformin manufactured by Mankind Pharma is available under commercial name Metname.
How does the medication work?
Oral hypoglycemic agent of the biguanides group. Reduces hyperglycemia without causing hypoglycemia. Does not stimulate insulin secretion and does not have a hypoglycemic action in healthy individuals. Increases the sensitivity of peripheral receptors to insulin and stimulates glucose uptake by muscle cells. Inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver. Delays absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine. Has a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism: decreases the content of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL.
Why is Metformin prescribed?
- type 2 diabetes in adults
- in combination with insulin in diabetes mellitus type 2, especially in obese patients with secondary insulin resistance
- type 2 diabetes in children older than 10 years (monotherapy, in combination with insulin)
When Metformin should not be taken?
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Diabetic precoma and coma
- Renal dysfunction
- Acute diseases with risk of renal dysfunction: dehydration (vomiting, diarrhea), fever, severe infectious diseases, state of hypoxia (shock, sepsis, renal infection, broncho-pulmonary diseases)
- Symptomatic manifestations of acute and chronic diseases that can lead to tissue hypoxia (respiratory failure, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction)
- Major surgery and trauma
- Liver dysfunction
- Chronic alcoholism and acute ethanol poisoning
- Lactic acidosis (including history)
- Period of at least 2 days before and 2 days after the radioisotope or radiological investigations with the introduction of iodine contrast agent
- Low-calorie diet (<1000 kcal / day)
- Pregnancy, breastfeeding
- Hypersensitivity
- Elderly patients performing heavy physical work
What side effects are possible with Metformin?
- CNS: taste perversion
- digestive system: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, absence of appetite
- allergic reactions: erythema, skin itching, rash
- metabolism: lactic acidosis, in long-term therapy - hypovitaminosis of vitamin B12 (malabsorption)
If any of these side effects occur during the treatment seek medical attention immediately.
This is not a full list of possible metformin side effects. If you notice other adverse effects caused by the preparation inform your doctor or pharmacist.
What are possible drug to drug interactions associated with Metformin?
Metformin is known to interact with the following groups of drugs:
- androgens
- neuroleptics
- anti-psychotic drugs
- glucocorticosteroids
- diuretics
- beta-2 sympathomimetics
- anti-hypertensive drugs
- blood glucose lowering drugs
- salicylates
Let your doctor know if you are taking any of the above mentioned medicines or other preparations including herbals, vitamins and food supplements as they may change the effectiveness or increase the risk of metformin side effects.
Additional drug information
The medicines should be kept out of reach and sight of children. You should take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Avoid off-label use of the medication. If you are unsure about anything related to metformin contact your health care provider or pharmacist. You can also apply to our customer support service.
